The Symbolic Meaning Behind the Woven Motifs of East Sumba

TIMESINDONESIA, JAKARTA – Traditional woven cloths from East Sumba are more than just garments. They are cultural symbols that carry deep meanings and serve as identifiers of social status and regional identity.

According to Umbu Randja, an observer of East Sumba's ikat weaving tradition, specific motifs are traditionally reserved for nobility or village elders, signifying their social standing.

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“These woven motifs represent not only beauty but also status, as certain designs were historically worn by nobles or traditional leaders,” said Umbu Randja on Saturday (26/4/2025).

Traditional Functions and Everyday Use

In East Sumba culture, woven cloths serve many ceremonial purposes. These textiles are typically worn during traditional events such as weddings, to welcome guests, or at other cultural ceremonies.

Beyond ritual functions, the cloths are also used more broadly, such as being worn by civil servants as uniforms on designated workdays.

“Wearing East Sumba traditional attire brings a unique sense of pride because it reflects our identity as Sumbanese,” Umbu added.

Unique Motifs and Their Symbolism

East Sumba woven cloths feature a wide range of motifs, each carrying specific meanings rooted in cultural beliefs and local values. Below are some of the most iconic motifs and their significance:

1. Rooster (Ayam)

This motif symbolizes the rooster’s morning crow, which represents awakening, the beginning of life, and leadership that is protective and nurturing.

2. Horse (Kuda)

The horse motif embodies masculinity, greatness, courage, agility, pride, and social status. It is often associated with power and leadership.

3. Deer (Rusa)

This motif represents the bravery and wisdom of a leader in solving community problems. It signifies a thoughtful and decisive nature.

4. Human Figure (Manusia)

This motif portrays innocence, fear, and solitude, reflecting human vulnerability. It is particularly popular among tourists for its deep emotional resonance.

5. Mamuli

Originating from West Sumba, the Mamuli is a symbol worn by both masculine and feminine women. It is a favorite among the local women of the region. The motif also represents femininity and fertility in Sumbanese tradition.

6. Lion or Mahang

Although lions do not exist in East Sumba, this motif is inspired by Dutch currency imagery (Mahang Appa Uki), showcasing how early Sumbanese people were already in contact with the outside world.

7. Patola Kamba

This motif, from East Sumba, refers to red-colored woven cloth. It symbolizes beauty and friendship, and is among the most cherished patterns in the region.

The woven textiles of East Sumba are not just traditional attire—they are storytelling canvases that express identity, values, and historical connections. Whether worn during ceremonies or as part of daily life, each motif carries a legacy that keeps Sumbanese heritage alive for future generations. (*)

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